中国陆相侏罗系—白垩系界线及其国际地层对比——以冀北—辽西地区侏罗系—白垩系年代地层为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王思恩  高林志  庞其清  宋彪  李亚 《地质学报》2015,89(8):1331-1351

冀北—辽西地区陆相侏罗系—白垩系发育,各类生物化石丰富,并夹有火山岩,是利用岩石地层、生物地层、同位素测年和磁性年代地层综合研究侏罗系\\白垩系界线的理想地区。冀北滦平盆地侏罗系\\白垩系界线附近的地层为大北沟组和大店子组,辽西义县—北票地区侏罗系\\白垩系界线附近的地层为土城子组和义县组。大店子组含有孢粉Cicatricosisporites Luanpingspora Jugella 组合;介形类Yanshanina Cypridea Rhinocypris组合,Cypridea Yanshanina Timiriasevia组合,Cypridea sulcata亚组合和叶肢介Eosestheria Abrestheria组合等各类化石,这些生物组合与国内、外的对比,尤其是孢粉和介形类与英、法、德、俄和加拿大等地相关地层同类化石组合的对比,其时代为早白垩世早期（Berriasian）。辽宁西部义县组下部的孢粉、介形类和叶肢介与国内、外的对比,也得出与大店子组的时代大致相同的结论。大北沟组含孢粉Poceites Podocarpidites Schizaeoisporites组合,介形类Luanpingella Torinina Eoparacypris组合以及叶肢介Nestoria Keratestheria组合等,这些生物组合与国内、外同类生物组合的对比,得出的时代结论是晚侏罗世晚期（Tithonian）。土城子组含有孢粉、介形类及叶肢介等6大门类化石,根据已有的研究成果,得出的时代结论是晚侏罗世。因此,侏罗系\\白垩系的界线划在大北沟组与大店子组之间。生物地层的国际对比表明：此界线与国际侏罗系\\白垩系界线,即Tithonian\\Berriasian界线是一致的。根据冀北—辽西地区一系列同位素测年数据推断,侏罗系\\白垩系界线年龄应接近1307Ma 。  相似文献   

Does continental crust transform during eclogite facies metamorphism?   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

D. J. Young  A. R. C. Kylander‐Clark 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2015,33(4):331-357

Eclogites within exhumed continental collision zones indicate regional burial to depths of at least 60 km, and often more than 100 km in the coesite‐stable, ultra‐high pressure (UHP) eclogite facies. Garnet, omphacitic pyroxene, high‐Si mica, kyanite ± coesite should grow at the expense of low‐P minerals in most felsic compositions, if equilibrium obtained at these conditions. The quartzofeldspathic rocks that comprise the bulk of eclogite facies terranes, however, contain mainly amphibolite facies, plagioclase‐bearing assemblages. To what extent these lower‐P minerals persisted metastably during (U)HP metamorphism, or whether they grew afterwards, reflects closely upon crustal parameters such as density, strength and seismic character. The Nordfjord area in western Norway offers a detailed view into a large crustal section that was subducted into the eclogite facies. The degree of transformation in typical pelite, paragneiss, granitic and granodioritic gneiss was assessed by modelling the equilibrium assemblage, comparing it with existing parageneses in these rocks and using U/Th–Pb zircon geochronology from laser ablation ICPMS to establish the history of mineral growth. U–Pb dates define a period of zircon recrystallization and new growth accompanying burial and metamorphism lasting from 430 to 400 Ma. Eclogite facies mafic rock (~2 vol.% of crust) is the most transformed composition and records the ambient peak conditions. Rare garnet‐bearing pelitic rocks (<10 vol.% of crust) preserve a mostly prograde mineral evolution to near‐peak conditions; REE concentrations in zircon indicate that garnet was present after 425 Ma and feldspar broke down after 410 Ma. Felsic gneiss – by far the most abundant rock type – is dominated by quartz + biotite + feldspar, but minor zoisite/epidote, phengitic white mica, garnet and rutile point to a prograde HP overprint. Relict textures indicate that much of the microstructural framework of plagioclase, K‐feldspar, and perhaps biotite, persisted through at least 25 Ma of burial, and ultimately UHP metamorphism. The signature reaction of the eclogite facies in felsic rocks – jadeite/omphacite growth from plagioclase – cannot be deduced from the presence of pyroxene or its breakdown products. We conclude that prograde dehydration in orthogneiss leads to fluid absent conditions, impeding equilibration beyond ~high‐P amphibolite facies.  相似文献   

川西坳陷新场气田水文地质地球化学特征及天然气运聚          下载免费PDF全文

周孝鑫  楼章华  朱蓉  朱宏权  黎华继  李飞 《地质科学》2015,50(1):330-339

新场气田是川西的主力产气区,发育深层上三叠统(须家河组二段、须家河组四段)和中浅层中、上侏罗统(上沙溪庙组、蓬莱镇组)含气层系,均不同程度地产出地层水,气水关系复杂,不同层位间气水存在一定的联系。纵向上,深层地层水埋深为3 000~5 500 m,随埋深增加矿化度、盐化系数逐渐增大,呈现高演化地层水特征;中浅层地层水埋深为500~2 200 m,沟通较频繁,水化学特征差异不大,均呈现低矿化度、低盐化系数和高碳酸氢根离子浓度特点;两者之间为地层水混合过渡带。平面上,中浅层上沙溪庙组地层水矿化度在断裂发育带附近出现高值,高值范围与深层须家河组地层水矿化度低值区基本相对应。这主要是由局部深层与中浅层地层水沿向下断至深层、向上断至中浅层的断层垂向沟通并发生混合作用导致的。中浅层断裂附近,沿断裂带上涌的深层地层水与中浅层原始沉积地层水发生混合作用,使得砂体富含高矿化度地层水,天然气则沿渗透性砂体侧向运移并在一定距离的圈闭内聚集成藏,这对研究区中浅层天然勘探具有指导意义。  相似文献   

Taphonomy of large marine vertebrates in the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian) Tropic Shale of southern Utah     

《Cretaceous Research》2015

Sediments from the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian) Tropic Shale were deposited along the western margin of the Western Interior Seaway, in present-day southern Utah. Marine vertebrates from this formation include plesiosaurs, mosasaurs, bony fish, sharks, and turtles. They are concentrated in the lower portion of the Tropic Shale, mostly between Bentonites B and D. Study of the taphonomic condition of these vertebrates has contributed to an understanding of how they were preserved as well as a detailed paleoenvironment for the Tropic Shale. Physical factors played the dominant role in their preservation, with robust and durable skeletal elements, such as teeth and vertebrae, being most common within the shale. Isolated bones and teeth are also relatively common within the formation, while complete and nearly complete skeletons are more rare. Biological factors played a less dominant role, with no evidence of epifaunal or infaunal activity preserved with any of the skeletal remains. In addition, scavenging marks (both bite and gnaw marks) are relatively uncommon, typically only being found on more complete specimens. A signature of post-burial alteration can be recognized as low levels of abrasion, weathering, and compression and high levels of fracturing of vertebrate skeletal material. Slightly higher levels of abrasion and weathering occur to the west, closer to the ancient shoreline, suggesting some pre-burial alteration. The preservation of marine vertebrates in the Tropic Shale suggests a low energy marine environment with some weak bottom currents and low levels of benthic oxygen. The substrate ranged from soft and soupy to firm, with moderate sedimentation rates resulting in relatively rapid burial.  相似文献   

东北夏季降水的年代际特征及环流变化   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

丁婷  陈丽娟  崔大海 《高原气象》2015,34(1)

利用1961-2012年中国东北地区91个气象站逐月降水资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和海温资料,以及经验正交函数分解EOF、显著性检验等方法,分析了东北地区夏季降水的时空分布特征、年代际变化特征及相应的环流分布型变化,探讨了不同年代际背景下东北夏季降水年际变化的环流差异。结果表明,东北夏季降水存在明显的年代际变化特征,在1961 1983年(P1)期间降水偏少,19841998年(P2)期间降水偏多,1999年之后(P3)又进入偏少时段。P2与P1时段相比,东北气旋式环流和蒙古反气旋式环流异常增强,而西北太平洋副热带地区为气旋式环流异常,来自西北太平洋偏东水汽输送贡献明显。P3与P2时段相比,东北冷涡活动偏弱,东北地区东部在850 h Pa为偏北风异常,偏南水汽输送有所减弱。进一步分析证实,北太平洋年代际振荡(PDO)对于东北地区夏季降水及相关环流型的年代际变化有重要的调制作用。P1与P3同为降水偏少时段,PDO都处于负位相,东北地区反气旋式环流都偏强;然而P1时段的多雨年,水汽输送主要来自较强的夏季风偏南气流;P3时段的多雨年,水汽输送可能主要来自西北太平洋地区。  相似文献   

影响夏季西北太平洋副热带高压年际变率的关键海区及影响机制   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

何超  周天军  吴波 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2015,73(5):940-951

西北太平洋副热带高压(西太副高)是影响东亚夏季气候的主要环流系统,其年际变率受热带多个海区的海-气相互作用过程的调控。为明确影响夏季西太副高的关键海区及其影响机制,在总结最近十余年来相关研究进展的基础上,归纳出影响夏季西太副高年际变率的5个关键海区,包括赤道中东太平洋、热带印度洋、副热带西北太平洋、海洋大陆附近海区以及热带大西洋。阐述了这5个关键海区的海温异常影响西太副高年际变率的机制,并探讨了5个关键海区海温异常的形成机制。围绕夏季西太副高的年际变率,回顾了当前气候模式的模拟和预测研究的现状。最后,提出了本领域亟待解决的关键科学问题,展望未来可能的研究热点。  相似文献   

河南省内乡县银洞沟银金多金属矿成矿年龄: 热液锆石LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb测年     

曾威  王佳营  涂家润  李志丹  胡鹏  李光耀  许雅文  叶丽娟 《地质学报》2023,97(6):1972-1986

北秦岭构造带广泛发育与古生代洋壳俯冲和碰撞造山有关的岩浆活动以及与造山过程有关的变质作用,但古生代热液脉型矿床在北秦岭构造带少见报道。银洞沟银金多金属矿为北秦岭构造带东部的一处中型热液脉型矿床,本文通过对该矿床赋矿围岩和含矿石英脉中锆石开展LA- MC- ICP- MS U- Pb测年和锆石成因研究,确定了矿床的形成时代,并探讨了矿床的成矿动力学背景。结果表明赋矿围岩黑云母二长花岗岩的形成时代为431. 4±2. 1 Ma,含矿石英脉中锆石结晶年龄为419. 4±5. 9 Ma,石英脉中锆石的岩相学、锆石中矿物和流体包裹体及锆石微量元素研究表明419. 4 Ma代表矿床的形成时代。结合前人的研究结果,确定银洞沟银金多金属矿为形成于晚志留世的造山型矿床,成矿作用与碰撞期后～420 Ma的变质作用密切相关,成矿流体来源于地层的变质脱水,成矿物质主要来源于秦岭岩群和二郎坪群。  相似文献   

西天山古元古代木札尔特岩群地质特征及时代厘定   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

于海峰  王福君  潘明臣  梁有为  郭洪方  王志军 《新疆地质》2011,29(1):20-25

西天山木札尔特岩群发育于塔里木原始古陆台内毗邻陆缘活动带,为一套角闪岩相中深变质岩系,主要岩石组合为变粒岩-浅粒岩-片麻岩-斜长角闪岩-大理岩等,局部受韧性变形改造形成各类糜棱岩系,原岩为中基性火山熔岩-火山碎屑岩-火山碎屑沉积岩夹碳酸盐岩建造.由于缺少古生物化石,其地层时代主要依据区域地层对比和同位素年代学数据进行确定.笔者应用钐钕全岩等时线定年法,在该岩群斜长角闪岩中获得(1966±93)Ma的同位素年龄,这是迄今为止,西天山范围内该岩群内获得的最古老同位素年龄,代表了其成岩年龄.据国际地层表(2000)关于古元古界造山系2 050~1 800 Ma的划分方案,笔者最终将西天山木札尔特岩群成岩时代厘定为古元古代造山纪.  相似文献   

新疆西天山东段航磁推断断裂构造特征   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

张玄杰  郑广如  范子梁  宋燕兵  张婉  温世新 《物探与化探》2011,35(4):448-454

在最新的高精度航磁图上,新疆西天山东段存在3条磁场特征十分显著深大断裂,它们不仅是区内重要的构造分界线,也是重要的控矿构造带.笔者以西天山东段最新高精度航磁资料为依据,论述了区内深大断裂的磁场特征,并根据航磁资料解释和实际应用结果对深大断裂与成矿的关系进行了探讨.区内沿着深大断裂分布有4处已知的大中型铁矿.根据最新航磁...  相似文献   

Zircon U-Pb ages and Hf isotopic characteristics of the Dehe biotite monzonitic gneiss pluton in the North Qinling orogen and their geological significance   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

LEE Ben 《中国地球化学学报》2011,30(2):204-216

The Dehe granitic pluton intruded the Xiahe Group which is in the core complex of the North Qinling Orogenic Belt(NQOB).It shows gneissic bedding and possesses typical S-type granite minerals such as muscovite and garnet.LA-ICP-MS U-Pb isotopic dating of the Dehe granite yielded a weighted average age of 925±23 Ma which represents the emplacement age of the pluton.Most of the εHf(t) values are negative,and the two-stage model ages are consistent with the age of the Qinling Group.The isotope data show that the Dehe granite was formed in the following geological setting:in the syn-collision setting of the NQOB in the Neoproterozoic,crustal thickening induced partial melting of materials derived from the Qinling complex,and then the maga upwelled and intruded into the Xiahe Group.The formation of the Dehe S-type granite implied the occurrence of a convergent event in the QOB during the Neoproterozoic.  相似文献